Model Questions for Computational Biology and Biostatistics

 Model Question for Computational Biology and Biostatistics

B.Sc. 5th Semester

Zoology (Honors)

Total Marks: 60 (Practical 20 + Internal assessment 20)

Distribution of marks: 

Very Short Question:   (2 marks)

• Write the full form of NCBI and FASTA. 
• Write the full form of PDB and EMBL.
• What do you understand by metabolomics?
• Write two applications of bioinformatics. 
• Write two limitations of bioinformatics.
• Write the full form of BLAST. Name the tools you are going to use to perform BLAST for Protein and Nucleotide sequences. 
• Define Genomics and Transcriptomics. 
• What is a phylogenetic tree? Why it is used?
• Write two differences between the primary database and secondary database. 
• Write a short note on the NCBI database. 
• Write the full form of DDBJ and NDB. 
• Write a short note on SWISS-PROT.
• What is a metabolic pathway database? Give an example.
• What is a small molecule database? Give an example. 
• What is the "e" value of the alignment score? 
• Write the name of two tools used for phylogenetic analysis. 
• What is OMIM? 
• Define a scoring matrix. 
• What is an accession number of the biological database?
• What do you mean by computational biology? 
• What do you mean by homology of the sequence? 
•  Write a short note on data mining. 
• Write a short note on the data retrieval system ENTREZ. 
• Write the function of BankIT. 
• Write on the significance test "t" test and "z" test. 
• Define standard deviation. 
• Write a short note on the Chi-square test. 
• Define standard error. 
• Write a short note on the Nucleotide database of NCBI. 

Short Question:   (5 marks)

• Briefly write about all the sequence file formats used in Bioinformatics. 
• Write the step-by-step procedure for nucleotide data retrieval from a nucleotide database. 
• Write briefly the difference between global and local alignment. 
• Write the features of the standard genetic code. 
• What is the difference between structural and functional genomics? Write briefly. 
• Write about the different types of primary databases. 
• Write a comparative note on PAM and BLOSSOM matrics. 
• Write on nBLAST, pBLAST, and PHI BLAST. 
• What are the conserved sequences? How they are evolutionary significant?
• Write about the various methods of alignments. 
• What are the differences between pair-wise alignment and multiple sequence alignment?
• Write a note on drug discovery. 
• What is meant by a secondary database? Shortly describe the various types of secondary databases. 
• Illustrate global alignment with a suitable example. 
• Explain the concept of scoring matrices for aligning amino acid sequences. Briefly explain how PAM is derived. 
• What is the Affine gap penalty? Explain with example. 
• Discuss the importance of biological databases in bioinformatics. 
• What do you mean by an information retrieval system? 
• Write in detail about the enzyme databases. 
• Write the differences between Phylogram and cladogram. 
• Write a note on the maximum likelihood technique in phylogenetic analysis. 
• Write a note on the neighbor-joining tree of phylogenetic analysis. 
• What do you understand by standard deviation? Explain with an example. 
• What do you mean by the Coefficient of variance? Explain with an example. 
• Write a note on the Chi-square test with an example. 
• Write about the various significance tests used in biostatistics. 
• Write a short note on the microarray.
• What do you mean by sequence annotation? Write in detail. 
• Write the process of the central dogma of nucleic acid. 
• Write the differences between pattern-driven and sequence-driven pattern discovery. 
• Write on the Human genome project. 
• Write the step-by-step procedure to save a file in FASTA format. 
• Write a note on the application of bioinformatics in biological research. 
• What do you mean by similarity, identity, and homology of a sequence? Describe. 

Long Question:  (8 Marks)

• Write a note on accessing the biological database with a special mention of the NCBI.
• How you are going to retrieve Nucleotide and Protein sequences from the databases? Write in detail. 
• Write about the various process used to predict the structure of a protein sequence. 
• Discuss the dynamic programming in the sequence alignment. 
• Discuss the importance of bioinformatics regarding the human genome project. 
• Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary subject-discuss. 
• Define pairwise alignment. How does it differ from multiple sequence alignment? Write an example to show pairwise alignment. 
• Write a note on One sample T-test and Two-sample T-test. 
• Explain the process of multiple sequence alignment with a schematic representation. 
• Analyze the standard deviation and standard error for the following problem. 

• Why do we use the Chi-square test? Write a note on the importance of the analysis of standard deviation and standard error to interpret a research finding.  
• What do you mean by scoring matrices? Write the scoring procedures of PAM and BLOSUM. 
•  Write a note on the generation of data from gene sequencing, Protein sequencing, mass spectrometry, and microarray techniques. 
• Write a note on the Protein database, metabolic pathway database, and small molecule database. Write at least one example for all three databases. 

Questions Prepared by:

Dr. Gitartha Kaushik

Assistant Professor

Rangapara College